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Câu tường thuật (Reported speech) là chuyên đề ngữ pháp quan trọng trong chương trình tiếng Anh lớp 8. Các bạn hãy cùng IELTS LangGo ôn tập lý thuyết và thực hành làm các bài tập câu tường thuật lớp 8 trong bài viết dưới đây nhé.
Để giúp các bạn học sinh dễ dàng chinh phục các bài tập câu tường thuật trong tiếng Anh lớp 8, IELTS LangGo sẽ hệ thống lại các công thức Reported speech lớp 8 cũng như hướng dẫn cách chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp dễ áp dụng.
Câu tường thuật (Reported speech) là loại câu được dùng để kể lại hoặc thuật lại điều gì đó mà người khác đã nói. Trong Tiếng Anh có 2 loại câu tường thuật:
Ví dụ:
Câu trực tiếp: "I love learning languages," she said.
→ Câu gián tiếp: She said that she loved learning languages. (Cô ấy nói là cô ấy thích học ngôn ngữ.)
Ngoài việc tường thuật lại các câu phát biểu khẳng định, người ta còn có thể dùng loại câu này để thuật lại câu hỏi, câu mệnh lệnh, …
Câu tường thuật dạng câu kể
Cấu trúc:
S + said/told + (that) + S + V(lùi thì)
Ví dụ:
Câu trực tiếp: "I bought a new car yesterday," he said.
→ Câu tường thuật: He said that he had bought a new car the day before. (Anh ấy nói rằng anh ấy đã mua một cái xe mới hôm qua.)
Câu tường thuật dạng câu hỏi
Cấu trúc câu hỏi Yes/No:
S+ asked/wondered/wanted to know + if/whether +S +V
Ví dụ:
Câu trực tiếp: "Did he finish his homework?" she asked.
→ Câu tường thuật: She asked if he had finished his homework. (Cô ấy hỏi là anh ấy đã làm xong bài tập về nhà chưa.)
Cấu trúc câu hỏi Wh-:
S + asked(+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words + S + V.
Ví dụ:
Câu trực tiếp: "Where is the nearest gas station?" he asked.
→ Câu tường thuật: He asked where the nearest gas station was. (Anh ấy hỏi là nhà ga gần nhất ở đâu.)
Câu tường thuật dạng câu mệnh lệnh
Cấu trúc:
S + told/asked/ordered/commanded/instructed … + O + to-V
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "Stop talking," the teacher said.
→ Câu tường thuật: The teacher told us to stop talking. (Giáo viên bảo chúng tôi trật tự.)
Bên cạnh các dạng câu tường thuật thông dụng, chúng ta còn bắt gặp nhiều dạng câu tường thuật đặc biệt dưới đây:
S + offered/suggested/invited (somebody) to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "Would you like to join us for dinner?"
→ Câu tường thuật: She invited me to join them for dinner. (Cô ấy mời tôi ăn tối cùng họ.)
S + promised to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "I assure you that I will be there on time."
→ Câu tường thuật: She promised to be there on time. (Cô ấy hứa là sẽ ở đó đúng giờ.)
S + threatened to do do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "If you don't do what I say, I'll expose your secret."
→ Câu tường thuật: He threatened to expose my secret if I didn't do what he said. (Hắn đe dọa sẽ tiết lộ bí mật của tôi nếu tôi không làm những gì hắn nói.)
S + warned somebody (not) to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "I warn you, there will be consequences if you betray us."
→ Câu tường thuật: She warned me not to betray them or there would be consequences. (Cô ấy cảnh báo tôi là không nên phản bội họ nếu không sẽ có hậu quả.)
S + reminded somebody to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "Don't forget to submit your assignment by Friday," she said.
→ Câu tường thuật: She reminded me to submit my assignment by Friday. (Cô ấy nhắc tôi nộp bài tập trước thứ sáu.)
S + encouraged somebody to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "You can do it! keep going," she said.
→ Câu tường thuật: She encouraged me to keep going. (Cô ấy động viên tôi tiếp tục.)
S + agreed to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: “I will check your proposal again,” my boss said.
→ Câu tường thuật: My boss agreed to check my proposal again. (Sếp tôi đồng ý kiểm tra lại đề xuất của tôi lần nữa.)
S + begged/implored somebody (not) to do something
Ví dụ: Câu trực tiếp: "Please accept my apologies," he said.
→ Câu tường thuật: He begged me to accept his apologies. (Anh ấy cầu xin tôi chấp nhận lời xin lỗi của anh ấy.)
Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp trong tiếng Anh thường đòi hỏi sự thay đổi cấu trúc và thì của câu. Sau đây IELTS LangGo sẽ hướng dẫn bạn chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:
Bước 1: Thay đổi thì của động từ
Bạn cần biến đổi thì của động từ theo bảng sau:
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu gián tiếp |
| Hiện tại đơn | Quá khứ đơn |
| Hiện tại tiếp diễn | Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
| Hiện tại hoàn thành | Quá khứ hoàn thành |
| Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn | Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
| Quá khứ đơn | Quá khứ hoàn thành |
| Quá khứ tiếp diễn | Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
| Quá khứ hoàn thành | Quá khứ hoàn thành |
| Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn | Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
| Tương lai đơn | Tương lai đơn trong quá khứ (would) |
| Tương lai gần | was/ were going to V |
| Tương lai tiếp diễn | Tương lai tiếp diễn trong quá khứ (would be Ving) |
| Tương lai hoàn thành | Tương lai hoàn thành trong quá khứ (would have PII) |
| shall/ can/ may | should/ could/ might |
| should/ could/ might/ must/ would | Giữ nguyên |
Bước 2: Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu nếu cần thiết
|
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu gián tiếp |
| Đại từ nhân xưng | I | he, she |
|
| you | I, he, she, they |
|
| we | they |
| Tính từ sở hữu | my | his, her |
|
| our | their |
|
| your | our, their |
| Đại từ sở hữu | mine | his, hers |
|
| yours | ours, mine, theirs |
|
| ours | theirs |
| Tân ngữ | me | him, her |
|
| us | them |
|
| you | me, us |
| Đại từ phản thân | myself | himself, herself |
|
| yourself | himself, herself, myself |
|
| ourselves | themselves |
Bước 3: Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian
| Câu trực tiếp | Câu gián tiếp |
| here | there |
| now | then |
| yesterday | the day before |
| tomorrow | the day after |
| today/ tonight | that day/ that night |
| ago | before |
| next … | the following … |
| last … | the previous … |
| this | that |
| these | those |
Ví dụ:
Câu trực tiếp: She said, "I am going to the market today."
→ Câu tường thuật: She said that she was going to the market that day.
Các bạn hãy áp dụng những kiến thức vừa học để làm các bài tập reported speech lớp 8 được IELTS LangGo tổng hợp dưới đây nắm chắc và ghi nhớ lý thuyết hơn nhé.
Chọn đáp án đúng điền vào chỗ trống
1. Tourist: “Where is the post office?” A tourist asked me where ...............................
the post office has
the post office was
is the post office
was the post office
2. Mom: “It’s 2 a.m; what are you doing in the kitchen?” Mom wanted to know what ...................... in.
was I doing
I do
I was doing
am I doing
3. Dad: “Why did you come home so late last night?” Dad wanted to know ................ home very late the night before.
A. why did I come
B. if I come
C. if I came
D. why I had come
4. Jane: “Have you ever been to Australia?” Jane asked me .......................to Australia
A. if I’m ever going
B. if I’d ever been
C. have I ever been
D. had I ever been
5. Joe: “Could you sing when you were five?” He asked me.................when I was five
A. can I sing
B. if I can sing
C. could I sing
D. if I could sing
6. Mother: “When are you going to do your homework?” Mother asked me when ...........to do my homework.
A. was I going
B. I was going
C. am I going
D. I’ll be going
7. Allen: “How many songs had John Lennon written before he died?” Allen wanted to know how many songs .................. before his death.
A. John Lennon had written
B. John Lennon was writing
C. was John Lennon writing
D. had John Lennon written
8. Janet: “Were you working at 8p.m last night?” Janet asked me ................... at 8p.m the other night.
A. if I’m working
B. if I’d been working
C. was I working
D. had I been working
9. Dad: “Have you been attending classes regularly?” Dad asked me ...................attending classes regularly.
A. if I’d be
B. had I been
C. if I’d been
D. have I ben
10. Mario: “What should I do to improve my English?” Mario asked his teacher what ........... to improve his English.
A. he should do
B. he would do
C. shall he do
D. should he do
11. Jim: “How much does your sister earn?” Jim wanted to know how much.................
A. my sister has earned
B. did my sister earn
C. does my sister earn
D. my sister earned
12. Joe: “Could you sing when you were five?” He asked me ....................when I was five.
A. can I sing
B. if I can sing
C. could I sing
D. if I could sing
13. Mary: “Are you able to swim?” Mary asked me ........................to swim.
A. if I have been able
B. am I able
C. if I was able
D. will be able
14. Tourist: “When was that castle built?” The tourist asked the guide when ...................
A. had the castle been built
B. the castle had been built
C. the castle was being built
D. was the castle built
15. Sue: “May I sleep at Lee’s house overnight?” Sue asked her mother ........................ at her friend’s house overnight
A. if she might sleep
B. could she sleep
C. can she sleep
D. if she had to sleep
1. Mr. Miller said, ‘I can’t come to the meeting on Sunday’
Mr. Miller said (that) ________________________________________________________
2. Mary said, ‘I’m feeling ill’
Mary said (that) ____________________________________________________________
3. Your brother said, ‘I like chocolate’
Your brother said (that) ______________________________________________________
4. My brother said, ‘I’m going to learn to cook’
My brother said (that) ________________________________________________________
5. He said, ‘I’ll learn English online tomorrow’
He said (that) ______________________________________________________________
6. My cousin said, ‘I’m not enjoying my job very much recently’
My cousin said (that) ________________________________________________________
7. My parents said, ‘We’ll phone you when we get back’
My parents said (that) ________________________________________________________
8. Susan said, ‘You don’t know what Bob is doing’
Susan said (that) ____________________________________________________________
9. She said, ‘I’ll tell dad I saw you’
She said (that) ______________________________________________________________
10. He said, ‘I have got a toothache’
He said (that) ______________________________________________________________
11. He said, ‘I have passed the physical test’
He said (that) ______________________________________________________________
12. Safia said, ‘I went to Italy last year’
Safia said (that) ____________________________________________________________
13. Kevin said, ‘I had a great weekend’
Kevin said (that) ____________________________________________________________
14. Mehrzad said, “I’m going to start my own photography business next month.”
Mehrzad said (that) _________________________________________________________
15. Alex said, “I finished university in June”
Alex said (that) _____________________________________________________________
16. Safia said, “I have studied photography”
Safia said (that) ____________________________________________________________
17. Maria said, “I will bring you a scarf from India”
Maria said (that) ____________________________________________________________
18. “Have you done your homework yet, Peter?”
Mum wanted to know if ............................................................................................................
19. “Where are you going to spend your holiday this summer, Sue?”
Mary asked Sue .........................................................................................................................
20. “Do you know how long it is from London to Cambridge?”
Tom asked me if.........................................................................................................................
21. “Will you phone me as soon as you arrive in Oxford, Carol?”
Cindy asked Carol if ..................................................................................................................
22. “Did the children play football in the park yesterday? ”
Grandma was interested in knowing if ......................................................................................
23. “How much does the ticket for the concert cost? ”
Father wanted to know ..............................................................................................................
24. “Can you help me with the housework tomorrow, Linda?”
He asked Linda if ......................................................................................................................
25. “What time does the new TV series begin tonight?”
Terry asked ................................................................................................................................
Nguồn: Sách Luyện chuyên sâu ngữ pháp và bài tập tiếng Anh 8
1. “ I haven’t meet my parents for years.”, he says
🠚
2. “ I don’t know how much it cost.”, he tells her
🠚
3. “I will come next year.”, he tell me
🠚
4.“ I’ll help my mum with housework this weekend” He said
🡪
5.“We shall overcome this difficulty”, they said
🡪
6.“ My father is a doctor here”, my friend said
🡪
7.“I am going on holiday tomorrow”, the boy said to his neighbor.
🡪
8.“ You will have to finish all these exercises before next week”, the teacher said to his students
🡪
9.“I came back here early yesterday,” she said.
🡪
10.“ I’ve broken the vase,” she said
Nguồn: Sách Các chuyên đề ngữ pháp và bài tập tiếng Anh 8
There the following day two hours before my
the previous week then the day before that evening
that night that her
1. “I like this pair of shoes”. →She said (that) she liked____________ pair of shoes.
2. “Our plane lands tonight”→ They said their plane landed ____________
3. “I saw Jane yesterday”→ He told me that she had seen Jane____________
4. “I have met your father”→ Dan told me that he had met ____________ father
5. “I am going to the cinema this evening”→ Sara told me that she was going to the cinema ____________
6. “Paul took his driving license last week”→ Paul told me he had taken his driving license ____________
7. “This girl is my sister”→ She said to me that that girl was ____________sister.
8. “I like the way they cook here”→ Tina said that she liked the way they cooked____________
9. “She won’t arrive tomorrow”→ Sandra said that she wouldn’t arrive ____________
10. “Henry phoned Lara two hours ago”→ Henry told me that Lara had phoned ____________
11. “I am watching TV now”→ Mum said that she was watching TV ____________
1. asked/was/how much/that/Tom/computer
Tom ...........................................................................................................................................
2. had/to know/the officer/if/wanted/the keys/I
The officer .................................................................................................................................
3. Ann/hadn’t come/why/to her party/asked/Sam/he
Ann ............................................................................................................................................
4. asked/Jane/for her holidays/she/was going/he/where
He...............................................................................................................................................
5. me/English/asked/I/spoke/He/if
He ..............................................................................................................................................
6. old/asked/He/her/how/was/mother
He ..............................................................................................................................................
7. British/was/asked/whether/He/I/me/American/or
He ..............................................................................................................................................
8. Boy/The asked/the/where/lived/policeman/be
The policeman ...........................................................................................................................
9. Had/Bristol/She/I/been/asked/to/before/if
She.............................................................................................................................................
10. The/asked/time/train/She/what/arrived.
She.............................................................................................................................................
Nguồn: Sách Luyện chuyên sâu ngữ pháp và bài tập tiếng Anh 8
ĐÁP ÁN
Bài 1:
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. D
12. B
13. C
14. B
15. A
Bài 2:
1. Mr. Miller said (that) he couldn’t come to the meeting on Sunday.
2. Mary said (that) she was feeling ill.
3. Your brother said (that) he liked chocolate.
4. My brother said (that) he was going to learn to cook.
5. He said (that) he would learn English online the next day.
6. My cousin said (that) he wasn’t enjoying his job very much recently.
7. My parents said (that) they would phone me when they got back.
8. Susan said (that) you/I didn’t know what Bob was doing.
9. She said (that) she would tell Dad she had seen you/me.
10. He said (that) he had got a toothache.
11. He said (that) he had passed the physical test.
12. Safia said (that) she had gone to Italy the previous year.
13. Kevin said (that) he had had a great weekend.
14. Mehrzad said (that) she was going to start her own photography business the following month.
15. Alex said (that) he had finished university in June.
16. Safia said (that) she had studied photography.
17. Maria said (that) she would bring me a scarf from India.
18. Mum wanted to know if Peter had already done his homework.
19. Mary asked Sue where she was going to spend her holiday that summer
20. Tom asked me if I knew how long it was from London to Cambridge.
21. Cindy asked Carol if she would phone her as soon as she arrived in Oxford
22. Grandma was interested in knowing if the children had played football in the park the previous day/the day before.
23. Father wanted to know how much the ticket for the concert cost.
24. He asked Linda if she could help him with the housework the next/following day.
25. Terry asked what time the new TV series began that night.
Bài 3:
1. He says he hasn’t met his parents for years.
2. He tells her he doesn’t know how much it costs.
3. He tells me he will come next year.
4. He said he would help his mum with housework that weekend
5. They said they should overcome that difficulty.
6. My friend said his/her father was a doctor there.
7. The boy said to his neighbor he was going on holiday the next day
8. The teacher said to his students they would have to finish all those exercises before next week
9. She said she had come back here early the day before.
10. She said she had broken the vase.
Bài 4:
1. that
2. that night
3. the day before
4. my
5. that evening
6. the previous week
7. her
8. there
9. the following day
10. before
11. then
Bài 5:
1. Tom asked how much that computer was.
2. The officer wanted to know if I had the keys.
3. Ann asked Sam why he hadn’t come to the party.
4. He asked Jane where she was going for her holidays.
5. He asked me if I spoke English.
6. He asked how old her mother was.
7. He asked me whether I was British or American.
8. The policeman asked the boy where he lived.
9. She asked if I had been to Bristol before.
10. She asked what time the train arrived.
Như vậy, trong bài viết này IELTS LangGo đã giúp bạn tổng hợp những kiến thức cần nắm chắc về câu tường thuật lớp 8. Đừng quên hoàn thành bài tập tiếng Anh lớp 8 câu tường thuật để củng cố lý thuyết nhé.
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